Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

The research targeted the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) in the U. S. and the Global Designing Cities Initiative (GDCI), which have built domestic and international initiatives centered on the municipality level. They aimed to diffuse street design measures toward livable city goals and have expanded member cities in recent years. The research conducted 1) material surveys related to the initiative activities, publications, and programs, 2) interviews with a director and an officer of a member organization, and 3) aggregation of statistics on the safety and modal share of member cities compared to the national trend. The result clarified the characteristics of the internal function of the association and its contribution to design and engineering diffusion to member cities, especially by enabling municipalities to apply context-sensitive design and metrics for them. As a factor that helped the expansion of domestic and international cooperation, the functional similarities with the ‘Transnational Municipal Network’ in the European region have been confirmed.

 Through the findings gained in the diffusion of street design measures aimed at enhancing the livability by NACTO and GDCI, the significance of the network among domestic and international municipalities was proved to build the capacity of the local department in charge and to accelerate pilot projects. Meanwhile, it indicated challenges from the perspective of the achievement status of outcomes set by NACTO, such as the modal shift to public transportation. Considering the spillover effect of street network conditions surrounding the target area, it is crucial to maximize the impact by implementing design changes to the urban environment through a geographical concentration of the collaborative-policy member organization.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejj.22-00048

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Part of collection (book)  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Part of collection (book)   Publisher：交通工学研究会 ; [1966]-  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan  

This study focused on changes in residents’ uses and awareness of outdoor spaces due to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the study was to gain understanding of the following three aspects of people’s behaviors believed to have been greatly affected before the Emergency Declaration in Japan and during the State of Emergency: 1) changes in how people use outdoor spaces, and 2) people’s demands with respect to the use of outdoor spaces in the future. In addition, as a byproduct of this investigation, this study aims to produce a summary of findings concerning residents’ use of outdoor spaces against the backdrop of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic as well as to discuss future issues. The survey method for this study was a national questionnaire, and responses were obtained from 1860 citizens. The details clarified as a result of analysis of the data generated by the survey are described below.

First, the reality of residents’ use of outdoor spaces is summarized as follows. A large number of residents used outdoor spaces that were close to their homes (less than five minutes away on foot) on a daily basis or three or more times per week during the State of Emergency. A large number of residents made use of streets and areas adjacent to waterways or other waterfront areas as outdoor spaces during the State of Emergency period. Such use diverged from their use patterns prior to the Emergency Declaration, but these spaces were near residents’ homes. Residents used such spaces primarily for wellness and relaxation. Next, the survey revealed the following information describing residents’ perceptions of the use of outdoor spaces. Regarding the importance of outdoor spaces to respondents’ everyday lives, 80% or more of respondents who used outdoor spaces even during the State of Emergency reported such spaces to be “important.” In addition, 25% of respondents reported feeling that the use of outdoor spaces improved their quality of life during the State of Emergency, and this proportion far exceeded that of the respondents who reported “no change” or “I don’t feel any importance.” The characteristics of the respondents to this survey can be grouped into the following six categories: G1: People valuing their daily activities outside the home; G2: People valuing outdoor recreational activities; G3: People who primarily used nearby outdoor spaces before the Emergency Declaration; G4: People who rarely use outdoor spaces; G5: People who used outdoor spaces during the State of Emergency; and G6: People who rarely use outdoor spaces/people whose activities are primarily at home. Furthermore, under the influence of COVID-19, it became clear that an outdoor space that can be used as a part of daily life is required. In G1 and G2, there is a high need for various activities , and it can be said that the respondents are seeking an outdoor space as a place for their own activities. G3 seeks a place for work and social activities, and G5 seeks interaction, and has a need as a place for relationships with others. It is suggested that the need for an outdoor space that functions as a place to connect people and society has become apparent.

DOI： 10.3130/aija.86.2677

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Other Link： https://www.aij.or.jp/paper/detail.html?productId=653558

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Traffic Engineers  

It is generally assumed that travel is a derived demand and that the time it takes is desirable to be short. However, travel time is sometimes accepted or deliberately reserved because it has meanings other than reaching a destination, and it is not clear under what conditions such recognitions are formed. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that shape recognition of travel through a survey of intentions to shorten travel time. The aggregate analysis revealed that working on the day, the mode of transportation, the attributes of the accompanying person, and the level of satisfaction with the pre-movement activities made a difference in the recognition of travel. In addition, we evaluated each factor relatively by binary logit models describing whether the trip was a target for shortening or not. The results show that the presence of adult companions makes the largest contribution to acceptance for travel time, etc. These results provide new perspectives that should be considered in future transportation planning.

DOI： 10.14954/jste.7.2_a_346

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Traffic Engineers  

Traffic congestion continues to occur at many intersections in Japan, obstructing the smooth flow of traffic. On the other hand, in recent years, the long-term reduction of traffic capacity on expressways has been attracting attention, and this phenomenon may also apply to ordinary roads. In this study, we focus on the space clearance between queued vehicles at signalized intersections, and investigates whether or not the distance changes over time, and the effect of such changes on traffic flow.

As a result, space clearance have been gradually increasing, especially since the 2000s, and the increase is about one meter greater than it was 30 years ago. The results of the study suggest that the increase in space clearance is not necessarily due to the type of vehicle, but rather to changes in driver behavior. It was also found that a one-meter increase in space clearance resulted in a 15% increase in the length of the queue at intersections.

DOI： 10.14954/jste.7.2_a_126

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan  

Enhancing the function of "place" is key to generate "user-oriented design". The research aims to clarify the spatial elements and their appropriate layout of the built environment surrounding bus stops co-existing with the function of "place" for street users, in consideration of dense Japanese urban contexts.

 First, it conducted a literature review on international placemaking schemes. It found that a practical scheme named "Thinking beyond the Station" indicates there are 4 points of the index to measure the performance of “places”. Subsequently, the research intended to find out how current bus stops in Japan perform as “place” for residents and bus users from the viewpoints of such place performance index and to designate the appropriate planning and management scheme.

 Edogawa ward in Tokyo was selected as a case study site since it is a Japanese representative transit environment planning case coordinated with neighbor open spaces. The policy in the 1980s in the Edogawa ward prepared a comprehensive bus stop design scheme involving private landowners which are not seen in the general standards in other cities. The cross-tabulation and multivariate analysis were implemented, applying the findings of the questionnaire and field survey to collect both subjective data of users’ opinions to the bus stop environment and objective data of users’ activity. As a result, bus users tend to access just before the arrival time of buses. The waiting time is short due to the relatively high frequency of arrival of the bus. The number of daily users in the pocket park portion is less than 30%. Therefore, even there is a possibility that the issue of the pocket park was underestimated because there are many respondents with not much experience of use, the majority of the users pointed out no significant issues. Besides, it was suggested that the recognition of the pocket parks would lead to an increase in interest in management. The objective data revealed "private sector cooperation for bench installation" and "installation in front of the facility which is open to the general public" affect choices for staying. Because the R2 value is rather small, the observation survey at another sample in the Setagaya ward was also conducted to consider the additional possible factors to induce the user’s activities. The result suggested that "visual information of approaching bus", "depth and room of open space", "connection with a building or waiting space in building" may influence the length of use time.

 The paper concluded that the frontage land use and location of the seating facility might influence users’ stational activities by the results above. The mechanism to foster attachment to the place is also considered as keys to a better place. The spatial design scheme in Edogawa has shaped less attachment to the transit environment by local users and neighbors even though it has achieved most of the place performance index. The lack of attachment causes some cases of the abolition of agreement with landowners. The usage time associated with public transportation is too short time to gather interests in the environment. The mechanism should include a particular process to create recognition as a local open space. It also indicated the necessity of the lower limit setting of the size as an integrated open space to keep the quality of place.

DOI： 10.3130/aija.86.949

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Other Link： http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/031307356

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Authorship：Corresponding author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

In the suburbs of medium-sized cities in Thailand, which are expected to be dependent on automobile mobility due to development without public transport, individual differences in mobility are expected to arise depending on the availability of vehicles and the degree of physical ability. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the mobility of suburban residents in Khon Kaen city with consideration of individual differences. First, all the modes of transportation in the target area were identified, and then, based on the Capability Approach, the availability of each mode of transportation was clarified from the status of possession of goods and conversion capacity. In addition, a cluster analysis with the availability of each mode of transportation possessed by an individual as a variable was conducted to categorize the mobility of the residents. The results demonstrate the diversity and individual differences in the mobility of suburban residents, which are divided into three categories: “Mutual aid type” which various modes of transportation are available, “Private car dependent type” which only private cars are available, and “Public aid and Motorcycle type” which transportation services such as taxis and motorcycles are available.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.76.5_i_803

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

Recently, as for bicycle traffic in Japan, traveling space has been improved throughout the country. However, there is still little discussion about traffic signal control. The coordinated signal control is also in this situation. In this study, we set the objective to obtain knowledge for traffic administrator to operate the coordinated signal control considering both automobile traffic and bicycle traffic. In the theoretical analysis using through band width, we showed that the conditional expression for operating the effective coordinated signal control considering both automobiles and bicycles is determined corresponding to both automobile’s speed and bicycle’s speed. In the examination of practical application using traffic simulation, comparing the results of multiple cases in the case study, we showed the optimal traffic signal control for both automobiles and bicycles. In conclusion, based on these two analyses, we summarized various factors that have the effect of coordinated signal control.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.76.5_i_1361

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

The idea of road hierarchy is suggested in UK in 1963 to improve urban environment. This idea has influenced the road planning policy of the world including Japan. However, the standard of the bus service on each road is not indicated. In addition, bus route is determined based on demand and the road hierarchy is not considered. This study aims to evaluate bus route based on the structure of road hierarchy. Study area is Tama new town in Japan, because road in the area is designed systematically. This study revealed the trade-off relationship between the bus travel distance, number of lines, walking distance, and travel time. We found that from the viewpoint of the bus operator, it is preferable to set bus route on higher level roads, from the viewpoint of the bus user, it is preferable to set bus route on lower level roads.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.76.5_i_1013

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

Recently, there are many streets that is aimed to be comfortable and walkable in Japan. Ideally, the most walkable street operation is pedestrian mall, however, some people are opposed to it. Therefore, the way of making good streets without shutting out cars is needed. This article aims to make clear the interaction between pedestrians and cars in shared space in Japan. The interaction is frequently occurred when a person and a car pass each other on a narrow road, especially in shared space. That situation looks dangerous, but they may recognize safety distance. We analyse video and kept record of positional relation, speed and the type of cars and pedestrians. As a result, it seems that they avoid each other by observing the other’s behavior, and get the minimum safety distance that is needed when pass each other, that is about 1m.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.76.5_i_709

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.76.5_i_1001

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：International Association of Traffic and Safety Sciences  

This is a fundamental study on the ‘Link and Place’ theory, which establishes ‘place’ functions on streets. We conducted literature reviews, interviews, and case studies on the actual application of this theory to international street space reallocation practices and the state of progress for this theory. Upon interpreting the demand for this place function, while classifying potential demand and actual demand, we analyzed these demand classifications and indicated a policy to improve the theory for application to street traffic management practices in Japan. In specific terms, we proposed that transport hubs receive weighting when estimating potential demand and that the probability of people staying in a location be used as an indicator of actual demand in residential areas.

DOI： 10.24572/iatssreview.45.2_154

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Authorship：Corresponding author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The City Planning Institute of Japan  

These days, “Transit Street” is being advocated in the USA. Transit Street means “the street which is prioritized for public transportation” and is mainly designed for public transportation and pedestrian. In contrast to Transit Mall, private cars also can go through Transit Street, however, some devices make them inconvenient. Some cities and associations already have published guidelines for Transit Street. In Japan, there’s no concept like Transit Street, nevertheless, there’s a case similar to Transit Street. The objective of this study is to suggest a guideline for public transportation prioritized streets in Japan. Then, the history, definition, and spatial elements of Transit Street and Japanese cases are reported. After that, guidelines of Japanese Transit Street are shown referring to Transit Street in the USA.

DOI： 10.11361/journalcpij.55.258

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Part of collection (book)   Publisher：日本住宅協会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Elsevier B.V.  

Although the wave of valuable research works and the numerous efforts done by researchers focused on studying, analyzing and evaluating the different types of UAIDs relying on the homogenous traffic conditions, the heterogeneous traffic conditions still underestimated. Thus, the driving force of this study is to investigate the UAIDs applicability under the heterogeneous traffic complexities. These complexities are characterized by the diversity of some static and dynamic properties of vehicles, and the aggressive driving behavior which results in non-lane based traffic systems. Hence, the purpose of this article is to compare the operational efficiency of existing conventional signalized intersections with two proposed UAIDs schemes namely
the Displaced Left-Turn (DLT) intersection and Superstreet Median (SSM) intersection. As a realistic case study of such traffic conditions, three existing intersections in an arterial corridor in Cairo, Egypt were selected. The microsimulation software VISSIM, as a time-step, stochastic and behavior based model was utilized to accomplish this study objective. The simulation results emphasized the outperformance of the proposed UAIDs over the conventional counterparts. The results indicated to the obvious improvement of the level of service (LOS) of the studied intersections. It was found that the proposed UAIDs schemes reduced the overall delay and the total travel time while the average speed was increased. On the other hand, it was concluded that the heterogeneous traffic influenced the proposed UAIDs efficiency. The main findings of this research may provide a guidance on presenting UAIDs in the developing cities.

DOI： 10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.110

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Elsevier B.V.  

Considering the transport system in Thailand, there are various transport modes including paratransit. Especially, Songtaew or a modified pick-up truck in Thailand operates as a predominant public transport mode in many medium-sized cities. However, there is a lack of empirical study regarding the role of Songtaew service to support the sustainable transportation. Therefore, the primary goal of this study is to motivate a modal shift to public transit towards the sustainable transport system. The policy deliberation is based on an evaluation of the Songtaew service regarding the institutional side, supply side, and demand side. Implications of this study would also be useful for providing a data of developing countries' paratransit issues for the further research on paratransit as well as for contributing to sustainable transportation.

DOI： 10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.247

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Elsevier B.V.  

Commuters from poor households face increased challenges in their daily mobility in Sub-Saharan African cities, yet studies on their travel behavior are rare. Most poor individuals resort to walking long distances because they cannot afford motorcycles, bicycles, or even a single bus trip. Using person-trip data, this paper tries to investigate travel behavior of the urban poor through a comparative study between Maputo City and Nairobi City. The logistic regression results showed some similarities and variations among the factors affecting the travel behavior of the urban poor in Maputo City and Nairobi City. The likelihood of choosing Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) over public transport decreased with ownership of motorcycles and private cars in both cities. Surprisingly, gender had no impact on the likelihood of selecting NMT either in Maputo or Nairobi. This might indicate that men and women are equally likely to walk. Variations were observed with respect to the effect of age and residence location. For example, while the likelihood of selecting NMT is positively correlated with the residential location in Maputo, a negative relationship was observed for Nairobi. More explanations for these similarities and variations on the travel behavior are discussed in the article.

DOI： 10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.193

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：交通工学研究会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：交通工学研究会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies  

The Thailand-China High Speed Rail (HSR) project is a government to a government investment project and under construction for the first stage of Northeastern route. This HSR project will span across Thailand, Laos and Kunming and also plans to reach Malaysia and Singapore in the future. The pathway is a strategic route to increase the potential and economic opportunity for Thailand as well as supports Thailand as a regional land transportation hub in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). However, the project has some barriers that the Thai government could carefully consider to solve and protect all problems in this situation and may appear in the next phase. Especially, transit-oriented development (TOD) is one of the most influential factors to generate significantly welfare and benefits inclusive to drive the development of the sustainable HSR project as well.

DOI： 10.11175/easts.13.555

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)   Publisher：日本建築学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The City Planning Institute of Japan  

The research aims to clarify the roles and actual situation of the streets in an urban central district by identifying (1) the functions of main street as public realm, (2)the activities of users and (3)their opinions and preferences on the current condition of the street. The target site is Nihon-Odori street in Yokohama City, which is one of the most representative streets constructed in the Japanese modernization era and integrated into the part of ‘Green Axis' in 70's urban design project. The paper interviewed a designer of the renovation in the 2000s, the user observation survey and questionnaire. As results, it indicates the function of the Nihon-Odori was updated for pedestrian activities due to several transformations. It also suggests that the users prefer not only vibrancy by event programs but also the comfortability by the well-managed landscape and greenery. The paper concludes that such comfortability is the crucial key of Japanese street design and management, and future renovations should enhance it by inclusive detail design.

DOI： 10.11361/journalcpij.54.967

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Other Link： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18H01602/

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Part of collection (book)   Publisher：Japan Association for Real Estate Sciences  

The paper indicated that the streets with the high priorities of community activities and pedestrians are being realized internationally. It also described the characteristics and issues of street renovation in Japan, taking the avenue in front of a railway station as an example. From the standpoint of urban life sustainability, enhancing the number of outdoor activities and diversity of people on the street is a common issue in the globe. However, in Japan, the use by non-traffic activities has been perceived in a confrontational manner as a cause of traffic obstruction, and its real value is still underestimated. It will be necessary to reorganize the planning scheme so as to prove the social and environmental value of various street uses to the public.

DOI： 10.5736/jares.33.2_81

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Other Link： http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/030023697

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Part of collection (book)   Publisher：日本都市計画学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)   Publisher：日本建築学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本建築学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

For the future development of planning method including topographical factors, this study aims to reveal the influence of altitude and slope to mode choice. Original travel survey was conducted in Yokohama, Japan to collect revealed preference data with high spatial resolution.
By tabulated analysis, decreasing trend of walk share and increasing trend of bus and taxi along the increase of difference in elevation were revealed.
Disaggregated analysis by the development of logit model revealed that difference in elevation has a negative effect to the utility of walk. By comparing parameters, it was revealed that 1m difference in elevation is equal to 12-meter walk or 21.9 JPY payment. Also, it was revealed that difference in elevation from bus stop has a negative effect to the utility of bus and 1-meter difference is equal to 10.4 JPY payment.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.75.i_565

DOI： 10.1016/j.retrec.2020.100931_references_DOI_UbW1NkERfJzAMMYiygkwAHeekse

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

To alleviate congestions at signalized intersections, Displaced Left-turn Crossovers (DLTs), also known as Continuous Flow Intersections (CFIs) are becoming as prevalent treatments over the past decade in some developed cities around the world. Through the novel solution provided by DLTs, left turn flows could cross the opposing traffic lanes upstream of the main intersection. As a result, DLTs lead to higher capacities, lower delays and fewer crashes. In spite of the extensive preliminary studies focused on the operational performance of DLTs, little research has been conducted considering the coordination of DLTs. In addition, although the considerable sparse works highlighted the DLT intersection, the heterogeneous traffic condition as a dominant operation environment in lots of developing countries has never been estimated. Hence, in order to fulfill the heterogeneous condition needs and considering the coordination of DLTs, the driving force of this study context is developing a real-time demand-responsive signal control system on the solid foundation of the optimization principles. This entire algorithm was built based on developing a mathematical model and utilizing PTV-VISSIM as a micro-simulator based approach. In order to test the proposed algorithm, an inter-process communication and dynamic object creation were provided by employing VISSIM-COM interface and MATLAB a multi-paradigmnumerical computing environment. Although the academic in nature, the proposed algorithm presented in this context could be evolved through a real-world practical application. As a realistic study case, actually obtained data were made available of three signalized intersections located in an arterial corridor in central Cairo, Egypt.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.75.i_1151

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCI LTD  

Despite the limited transportation options, public buses have been proved unpopular in many Sub-Saharan African cities. While the declining use of local buses in the developed world is often associated with increasing number of transport alternatives, relatively little is known about African cities. A substantial number of studies are focused on how to replace buses with the rapid transportation modes and less diagnosis is applied to the factors affecting the use of buses. Using household information survey, this paper attempts to investigate the factors affecting the demand for buses in Maputo and Nairobi by employing logistic regression approach.Results show both similarities and variations among the factors affecting the likelihood of using buses. For example, the likelihood of using buses decreases with vehicle ownership and employment status in the two cities. In addition, gender (female) has no effect on the likelihood of choosing buses over paratransit in both cities. Second, while age decreases the likelihood of choosing buses and residence location increases that in Maputo, the opposite is observed in the case of Nairobi City. The main implication of these findings is that there is a need to share the roles of public transportation between buses and paratransit. (C) 2018 International Association of Traffic and Safety Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier Ltd.

DOI： 10.1016/j.iatssr.2018.10.003

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：交通工学研究会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

In recent years, Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), which aims to control the dependence on private cars by integrally development of transportation and land use, has attracted attention. Although the Tama Den-en Toshi is considered to be one of the advanced cases of TOD, traffic congestion by private cars is seen around the railway station, and it can be said that there is a problem in controlling dependence on private cars. In this research, we focus on the concept of controlling dependence on private cars which is intended by TOD and aim to evaluate the dependence of private cars around the railway station in the Tama Den-en Toshi. As a result, for commuting and attending school purposes, it seems that TOD’s conrol of dependence on private cars, but for private purposes it got a problem. Factors of promoting dependence on private cars for private purpose were obtained as moving distance and climbing distance, and high road ratio in case of many elderly people. As a countermeasure to these, we examined ways to switch the mode to bus from private cars.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.75.i_399

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The City Planning Institute of Japan  

To achieve to formulate a 'compact city', not only to move urban functions to a city center but also to make it more attractive space is required. To set up public open space is recently paid attention as one of the tools to make the urban space more attractive. This study aims to identify whether a public open space can improve the image of surrounding area and whether stopping at the public open space can facilitate people's walking behavior. A questionnaire survey in the neighborhood of Minami Ikebukuro Park was conducted, and the result of the analysis shows that public open space effects area image perception 'attachment of the area' and 'disaster safety', and whole area image indirectly. Also, people who dropped in the public open space visit more places and walk longer in the surrounding area.

DOI： 10.11361/journalcpij.53.341

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.78.1_13_references_DOI_ZXpyPdyK5bj7FTRlRh5ZqkfJxOe

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The City Planning Institute of Japan  

Nowadays, the historical cities such as Important Preservation Districts of Traditional Buildings are getting popular among tourists. In these cities, old and narrow roads remain. It would be dangerous for pedestrians to walk around the area if the number of cars used by tourists increases. This study aims to make it clear how pedestrians are influenced by cars running in these cities to use parking space. We define that walkability is evaluated by the frequency of crossing flow lines of pedestrians and vehicles and proximity of cars to pedestrians. Then, we estimate that how walkability would change if parking space is relocated.

DOI： 10.11361/journalcpij.53.1413

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：David Publishing Company  

DOI： 10.17265/2328-2142/2018.04.004

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.75.i_1151_references_DOI_VjCswRCKlAtmd2dR8cXYxUuVNLj

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)   Publisher：日本建築学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)   Publisher：日本建築学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)   Publisher：日本建築学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)   Publisher：日本建築学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)   Publisher：日本建築学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)   Publisher：日本建築学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Hong Kong Society for Transportation Studies Limited  

Students in Sub-Saharan Africa face increasing challenges in their daily mobility, yet studies on their commuting travel behavior are minimal. Most students resort to walking long distances to access schools because they cannot afford any form of motorized trips. Using person-trip survey data, this paper aims to examine the commuting travel behavior of students in Maputo. Logistic regression results showed that household income, vehicle ownership, residence location, and the age of the students have a significant influence on the transport mode. The likelihood of choosing Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) over public transport decreases as household income, vehicle ownership, and the residence location (distance between residence and city center) increase. Surprisingly, gender variable had no significant effect on the likelihood of using NMT. This might indicate that boys and girls in Maputo are equally likely to walk to and from school. Although the negative correlation between motorcycle ownership and the odds of choosing NMT might be obvious, it is surprising because motorcycle use is not popular in Maputo.

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

There are conflict points between through vehicles and right turn vehicles at grade intersections. Some countries, especially United States, propose and introduce Alternative Intersections (AI) which may offer additional benefits compared to conventional intersections. The objective in this study is to obtain knowledge for the applicability of AI in Japan. First, We selected intersections where AI is considered to be applicable from existing intersections in Japan and virtually reproduced AI using micro traffic simulation with observation data as basic input data and evaluated its performance. In addition, we evaluated whether Japanese drivers can drive through AI without hesitation and anxiety using driving simulator. As a result, we showed positive and negative reactions of Japanese drivers to AI which could be mitigated by careful design treatments.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.74.I_1327

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Traffic Engineers  

In Japan, there is little discussion about traffic signal control for bicycle traffic. Bicycle traffic running through roadway obeys traffic signal for automobiles. However, since clearance interval of traffic signal for automobiles is decided based on automobile’s speed, it is inadequate for bicycle traffic and then there is some possibility of leaving bicycle traffic at signalized intersections when traffic lights change. In this study, observation survey was conducted at some signalized intersections and the collected data were used to analyze problems of bicycle’s clearance. As a result, there were some factors, for example, traffic signal control and geometric structure of signalized intersection, of leaving bicycle traffic in signalized intersections. Analysis also found that clearance interval for bicycle traffic that is calculated by using the speed of bicycles was larger than that of traffic signal for automobiles. From the results of observation survey, this paper mentioned knowledge for making a guideline of traffic signal control considering bicycles.

DOI： 10.14954/jste.5.2_a_161

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Traffic Engineers  

Although the crackdown was strengthened by the revision of the Road Traffic Law in 2006, still many illegal street parking has occurred. This is caused by not thoroughly enforcing illegal parking control. In central business district, demand for short-time parking such as cargo handling is increasing, and it is considered that on-street parking allowable space dealing with this demand is necessary. In this research, we proposed on-street parking allowance space on the main arterial road in consideration of the traffic flow and on a narrow street in consideration of the influence on pedestrian from the field survey results. By suggesting newly important crackdown space from this research, we clarified that the total crackdown distance is about half compared with the current situation. According to the concept of parking cost, it was revealed that illegal parking costs will be higher than legitimate on-street parking by doing a patrol once an hour. It also showed that it is effective for suppressing illegal parking by the proposed crackdown frequency.

DOI： 10.14954/jste.5.2_a_118

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Traffic Engineers  

Increased passengers’ bus waiting irritations at bus stops by bus facility types is one of the factors that decrease users’use intentions. Passengers’ waiting behavior at bus stops has not been discussed sufficiently so far although it should be one of the key factors of bus attractions. Using the behavior observation data, this study aims to identify the factors of the bus waiting irritation by analyzing the effect of bus facility types to passengers’ waiting behavior depending on the operation services and individual attributes. Analyzing the behavior observation acquired data revealed the differences of the bus waiting behavior in each bus facility type by the operation services and individual attributes. Also, conducting variance analysis to reveal the factors of bus waiting irritations. At the result, the factors of increasing and decreasing bus waiting irritations are bus facility types, the frequency of bus services and passengers’ information acquisition methods of bus.

DOI： 10.14954/jste.5.2_a_285

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

In the Tokyo metropolitan area, cities were formed along with railway maintenance. The number of railway transportation personnel in the Tokyo metropolitan area in recent years is increasing. However, if you check the trends in number of passengers individually, you can check many reduced railway stations. Focusing on the railway station where the number of passengers dropped, we aim to present future tasks at the railway station where passengers have decreased. As a result, it was revealed that the railway station where the number of passengers has declined is affected by other railway stations and that the decline in living standards due to the decrease in commercial facilities becomes a problem. By comparing the amount of commercial facility accumulation in the vicinity of the railway station and the whole area, we could show the accumulation amount of the desired commercial facilities around the railway station. From the analysis, we made proposals on points to consider in future railway network development in the suburbs of Tokyo metropolitan area.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.74.i_1101

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

In Japan the road bridge is facing rapid deterioration and its damage is serious. As a results, even if preventive maintenance are carried out, its repair and renewal expenses are huge and it's difficult to maintain all road bridges with preventive maintenance type. Therefore, there is a need to adopt not only preventive maintenance but also abolition of road bridge. But in order to gain understanding of the residents, a method to objectively show the effect and impact of abolition of the road bridge is required. In this study, we presented a method to compare the reduction effect of future maintenance and renewal cost and the loss due to the decline of area utility as calculation of cost effectiveness by abolition of bridge. As a result of calculation, there were no bridges with the effect of abolition. However, compared to other bridges, there were bridges with low maintenance effect and there is a possibility that these bridges have room for abolishment. In addition, we presented how to maintain including abolition of bridge as follows. When you abolish the bridge, it is one way to show the proposed infrastructure to compensate for losses. On the other hand, the effect of maintaining the bridge increases by decreasing maintenance costs.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.74.i_1069

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

Although seven years have passed since the Bangkok Bus Rapid Transit System started the operation as one of the mass transit system in Bangkok, it has some problem that the number of users is less than expected and it had lost about 1.0 billion THB over the past seven years. Then, the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) once decided to shut down the BRT at the end of April 2017. But after that, BMA stopped the abolition due to lack of public transportation along the BRT corridor and the collection of investment funds. Therefore, this study focuses on the sustainability of Bangkok BRT from technical and financial points of view. First, the analysis from the technical points of view revealed that harmonizing BRT operation with traffic signal control may reduce some factors worsening punctuality and increase the number of BRT operation with the same number of vehicles, without increasing the cost. And the analysis from financial points of view revealed the possibility of existence of BRT headway and operating section that may activate the potential of the BRT system.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.74.I_1121

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

This article highlights the operational performance evaluation of consecutive signalized intersections under heterogeneous traffic conditions. It investigates the impacts of such traffic conditions, as a dominant operation in developing cities, on a set of four signalized intersections located in an urban arterial corridor in Cairo, Egypt. Therefore, the influences of complexities due to the heterogeneity in traffic operation including the diverse static and dynamic properties of vehicles, aggressive drivers' behavior and the lack of lane discipline were investigated. To accomplish this research objective, PTV-VISSIM, as a microsimulation environment was employed to analyze and estimate the Level of Service (LOS) of the studied intersections. To represent the studied intersections as indisputable as the reality, special attention was given to calibrating and validating different simulation parameters. The results emphasized the significant impact of the heterogeneous traffic conditions on the studied intersections, especially under heavy traffic conditions during peak hours. The intersections throughputs, delays, discharge rates and the total travel time was dramatically impacted. This study recommends the necessity of deployments new innovative schemes, in which the operational performance of the existing conventional intersections could be enhanced. Unconventional intersection designs as a viable interstation treatment could be proposed to alleviate congestions.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.74.i_1207

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Traffic Engineers  

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the word “Anshin” has become more and more wildly used. The English meaning of Anshin means peace of mind, freedom from care, relief, and so on. Japanese public transportation operators often set goals for passengers’ comfort according to Anshin definition. However, it remains difficult to estimate such an achievement, understanding relationship between operators’ strategies and passengers’ feelings. This research targets subway passengers by means of an interview. First, the definition of Anshin is explained, then the structure of subway passengers’ Anshin is clarified. Finally, the operators’ measures making passengers feel Anshin is examined by means of picked up advertisements on safety and manner among promotion of Anshin measures by business operators, and verified whether they are connected with Anshin for users. As a result, it became clear that the Anshin of the user in the subway can be shown quantitatively from the degree of Anshin of the individual elements contributing to it. Regarding advertisements, there is no effect of self improvement of Anshin, but it became clear that there is an effect to arouse attention and interest.

DOI： 10.14954/jste.5.4_a_58

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Sociey of Civil Engineers  

With the growing population of the megacity, Dhaka is facing severe deficiency in transportation sector. For its cheap fare, the main mode of transport for the poor is bus. Also it is the only option available as public transport. But the level of service of bus is not satisfactory. In addition to the insufficient public transportation system, Dhaka also lacks in infrastructure. On top of that, car ownership is increasing pretty rapidly piling up the traffic congestion. These sum up to a longer travel time; a significant portion of which is spent halting either for congestion or for collecting passengers. This study focuses on the stopping time and the moving time of a bus trip. The discrepancy between demand and supply of public transport is quite severe in Dhaka. When the demand is higher than supply during the peak period or near CBD area, buses get full and over-crowded at earlier stoppages. In such cases, drivers skip the later bus stops where people need to wait longer for bus. But the scene is completely reversed when demand is less than supply. In such cases, drivers tend to wait longer intentionally at the earlier bus stops in the hope of collecting sufficient passengers, termed here as intentional waiting time. This study tries to understand and verify the situation. The result suggest that the intentional waiting time influences the total stopping time significantly. Most of which occurs in the earlier sections of the route and with increasing distance from the origin, the waiting tendency keeps decreasing. The passenger boarding trend follows similar trend. Lack of guideline is one of the main reasons for such behavior and the demand, land use pattern, bus occupancy etc. are some of the major factors influencing intentional waiting to a great extent.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.73.I_589

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Khon Kaen University,Research and Technology Transfer Affairs Division  

Studies regarding paratransit in Thailand are mainly concerned with issues such as the role of paratransit focusing on the supply side like service characteristics and service quality. However, the study on Songtaew service in Thailand have not yet well understood. This study is the attempt to focus on the demand side of the Songtaew service in the medium-sized cities in Thailand, including Khon Kaen City by examining the use of Songtaew from the commuters’ point of view by their participation in rating the condition of Songtaew and loyalty to it. Its main objectives are to investigate the workers’ motivations for using or not using Songtaew for traveling to work, and to understand which factors influence workers in Khon Kaen City to use Songtaew. Based on the analysis, the cost and the convenience have a strongly positive impact on the decision to commute by Songtaew and the users want to keep using it in the future.

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Authorship：Corresponding author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

In Vietnam, plans about relocating bus terminals from downtown to suburban area are developing. However, the areas surrounding suburban bus terminals are not vibrant spaces with human activities. This study focuses on the areas surrounding existing bus terminals as a potential space to create the vibrancy in cities. It aims to provide spatial elements in order to create the vibrancy surrounding relocating bus terminal's area when they are built.<br>This study revealed about street use, people's behaviors, and factors that create outdoor activities on areas surrounding bus terminal which have vibrant spaces. Moreover, it also revealed mechanism which create the vibrancy.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.73.I_909

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Traffic Engineers  

<p>Recently, ropeways have been introduced to world's several cities as an urban transportation system and are expected to play a role as a new urban transportation mode. This study aims to investigate roles of ropeways quantitively from the viewpoints of travel time based on the theory of transportation gap. First, the existence of the "gaps", the distance whose demand is not covered sufficiently by existing modes in terms of travel time, was revealed by comparing travel time of existing transportation modes with acceptable travel time by using Person Trip Data in Tokyo metropolitan area. Secondly, maximum acceptable travel distance of ropeways was revealed to be from 0.3km to 4.2km by comparing travel time of world's in-service urban ropeways with acceptable travel time. Finally, combining results of analyses of existing transportation modes and ropeways, it was found that one of the "gaps" which is from approximately 2km to 4km, can be covered by ropeways.<tt> </tt></p>

DOI： 10.14954/jste.4.1_A_223

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Traffic Engineers  

<p>At-grade intersections in highway network generally hold issues on safety and efficiency when traffic volume on those intersections increase. "Alternative Intersections" that is recently introduced especially in the US is one of the solutions for these issues to increase intersection capacity and to improve safety. It avoids conflicts between left-turn (right-turn in Japan) and oncoming through traffic, then realizes safer and more efficient situations in low cost compared with grade separation. It is important to estimate the capacity accurately when we design at-grade intersections, however, its actual value is not investigated sufficiently. This study evaluated the capacity of major three types of Alternative Intersections (MUT, RCUT and CFI) based on field observations. As a result, even intersections in the same control type showed different performance according to the geometrical characteristics and signal phase pattern. Also, comparison of different control types revealed different applicability of each type in conjunction with the demand conditions.</p>

DOI： 10.14954/jste.4.1_A_17

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

Weaving section is one of the bottlenecks in expressway network and because of the higher construction cost and longer construction period, it is difficult to add new lanes. However, if automated driving is introduced by ITS technology, it has possibilities to improve traffic capacity without any additional construction. The previous studies showed that traffic capacity could be improved by automated driving, but assumed all vehicles are automated. On the other hand, this study assumed mixed condition of automated and manual driving, and proposed a vehicle control algorithm in a weaving section of expressway.<br>As a result of simulation run, mixed condition showed improvement over only manual driving although the improvement is less than that of all automated condition.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.73.I_1065

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

The objective of this study is to develop a system that citizen can report inconvenience parking which cause traffic accident and traffic jam, to clarify the distribution of such a parking vehicles, and to evaluate the effect of this system. The goal is to reduce inconvenience parking. The method is that we developed the system which can be used by smartphone and conducted a test to collect data of actual condition of inconvenience parking. Using the data, we visualized the distribution of inconvenience parking, and clarified that this system can encourage citizen to change their parking behavior, and reduce inconvenience parking. And, it can also be used as a means to grasp the distribution of on-street parking which would be a risk of traffic accidents, and expected to contribute to traffic safety.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.73.I_1183

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Traffic Engineers  

<p>On March 11, 2011, liquefaction occurred by off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake in Urayasu city, Chiba. Therefore traffic difficulties and suspension of water supply occurred and emergency water supply activity was carried out. This study focuses on this emergency water supply activity and evaluated citizen's physical burden by the transportation of the water on foot using the shortest path search and estimated preparation when support of the water supply activity decreases by calculating a queue of the water supply. As a result, about the former, we clarified that many citizens felt a severe burden by the transportation more than six minutes in then Urayasu city. Therefore, as a reduction plan of the burden, we clarified that excessive burden by the transportation more than ten minutes greatly decreased by utilizing water tanks which was reinforced against earthquakes. About the latter, we clarified that the bases of emergency water supply which take charge of water supply for around 8,000 people have risks that the time when a water wagon becomes absent and the person who can't receive water within the activity time occurred and the storage of 1L per person per day was necessary to avoid this.</p>

DOI： 10.14954/jste.3.2_A_223

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Traffic Engineers  

<p>Although five years have passed since the Bangkok Bus Rapid Transit System started the operation as one of the mass transit system in Bangkok, it has a problem that the number of users is less than expected. At first, this study aims to identify factors of on-time operation of the system from the results obtained in observation surveys. In addition, the authors conducted awareness surveys for users and non-users of the system in Bangkok and evaluated it from the demand point of view. According to the analysis, this study indicates that there is stable demand for the Bangkok BRT, improving evaluation of punctuality leads to an improvement of comprehensive satisfaction with the system, willingness to pay, and ratio of acceptance of the alterations of the fare system. In conclusion, the enhancement of the evaluation of punctuality is the key to the stabilization of the Bangkok Bus Rapid Transit System management.</p>

DOI： 10.14954/jste.3.4_A_46

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

In Thailand, paratransit plays a role as the dominant transport mode in many urban areas. Specially, Songtaew or a modified pick-up truck taking passengers on the back with an overhead cage and two row seats in the back that can accommodate up to 20 passengers, operates as a main public transport mode in many medium-sized cities of Thailand. This mode is popular because it is more flexible and cheaper than other transport modes particular for students who have limitation on mode choice selection. However, the study on school trip have not yet well understood. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to investigate user perception of Songtaew service focusing on examining the journey to school of the high school students in Khon Kaen City, the capital of the Northeast region. In the absence of statistics regarding school trip making in the city, a questionnaire survey has been undertaken to determine demographics, mode of travel to school, travel cost and duration, factors influencing transport modes of school travel and the student satisfaction with Songtaew service. Based on the analysis, the most of senior high school students who already have motorcycle license going to school by motorcycle. On the other hand, the junior high school students travel to school by taking Songtaew more than the other modes. For the student satisfaction with Songtaew service, the overall satisfaction reflects that generally all students who use Songtaew going to school are satisfied with Songtaew service. This study also recommend the future study more about the improvement of Songtaew regarding impact factors on their satisfaction, in order to maintain existing student users and attract new passengers. This improvement will make Khon Kaen City more sustainable and reduce the use of private vehicle especially motorcycle in the future.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.72.I_801

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

In the urban expressway, there are many weaving sections. In these areas, traffic capacity is decreased because of complicated lane change. Therefore, weaving sections tend to be bottle-necks of traffic flow. Currently, the solution of this problem is constructing additional lane as a hardware approach, but it caus- es many costs. This study focuses on development of ITS technology. So, under ITS automated driving situation, al-gorithms to avoid vehicle conflicts were proposed. After that, they were tested by a simulation. As a re-sult, it was revealed that the algorithm based on relative indicator contributed to disperse weaving posi-tion, and increase traffic capacity compared to conventional algorithm.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.72.I_1199

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

This research focuses on the uses and management of the streets operated by the ‘Plaza Program’ in New York City. Plaza Program is one of the local governmental policies of New York City which has created more than 60 pedestrianized spaces for its neighborhoods and citizens since 2008.<br> The Study aims to clarify how the past policies on streets influences the contents of the Program and to analyze the effects and issues of the current management system organized by both of public and private sectors from the view of community vitalization. As results, it points out the key factors for realizing the implementation of large numbers of plazas in a short term and advantages of Plaza Program compared with other means of pedestrianization such as construction of malls.<br> This research was conducted with field surveys, document reviews, and interviews with the New York City Department of Transportation, non-profit organizations concerned with the Program and local private sector such as Business Improvement Districts.<br> Consequently, the paper points out the key factors for implementation of plazas and their management: 1) the non-profit organizations with experts on place making and job training fosters the uses and maintenance of the streets by various types of local private organizations, by giving the technical supports and human resources, 2) cross-departmental teamwork inside the city government office and 3) comprehensive special planning of the plazas with efficient uses of existing facilities along the streets.<br> Additionally, the research suggests the advantages of the Plaza Program system in the points of 1) small sized pedestrianization lightens the burden of private sectors with no experience of management, 2) flexible furniture and plans for visitors and event uses, 3) giving priority to the communities which are ready for pedestrianization and 4) clear role-sharing between public and private sectors.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.72.138

DOI： 10.3130/aija.82.1977_references_DOI_1Atiub26k6aWdzHuNYca1tNxW7i

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Other Link： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15J07068/

Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

BRT which are introduced in the developing countries mainly enable to transport the passenger volume as much as rail-based transport system cheaply by operating the articulated bus which have more riding capacity. However, the heavy weight of articulated bus cause damage to the road pavement of bus exclusive way, and will lead to increase the pavement maintenance cost. This study showed the transportation volume that the pavement design which is anticipated the operation by bus having bigger riding capacity enabled to decline the pavement maintenance cost. Second, if it is anticipated more transportation demand and bigger riding capacity of bus vehicle, it is showed that the cost reducing rate by paving concrete to the stopping part is more bigger than asphalt pavement on the all part. Finally, if it is estimated to increase more transportation demand and change to the bus having bigger riding capacity in operating period, it is showed that pavement design considering the riding capacity and the kind of pavement material enabled to reduce the increase of pavement maintenance cost.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.72.I_963

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本建築学会  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本建築学会  

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Total pages：363p, 図版xxxp   Language：Japanese  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (trade magazine, newspaper, online media)   Publisher：新建築社  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：横浜国立大学 地域実践教育研究センター  

DOI： 10.18880/00013119

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DOI： 10.18880/00013118

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DOI： 10.18880/00013115

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DOI： 10.18880/00011650

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Internal/External technical report, pre-print, etc.   Publisher：三井住友海上福祉財団  

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Other Link： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15J07068/

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Event date： 2017.9 　 　

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2017.9 　 　

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2017.9 　 　

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2017.9 　 　

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2016.11 　 　

Language：Japanese  

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Event date： 2016.11 　 　

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2016.11 　 　

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2016.11 　 　

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2016.9 　 　

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2016.9 　 　

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2014.9 　 　

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2013.8 　 　

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2012.9 　 　

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2011.7 　 　

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Type：Academic society, research group, etc. 

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Type：Peer review 

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Type：Seminar, workshop

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Type：Research consultation

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