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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：UNS Solo  

Abstract. Raganas AFM, Hadsall AS, Pampolina NM, Hotes S, Magcale-Macandog DB. 2020. Regeneration capacity and threats to mangrove areas on the southern coast of Oriental Mindoro, Philippines: Implications to mangrove ecosystem rehabilitation. Biodiversitas 21: 3625-3636. Regeneration capacity is important as it determines the fate of an ecosystem. This study assessed six mangrove areas in the southern coast of Oriental Mindoro, Philippines to evaluate their regeneration capacity status. Four mangrove ecotypes were delineated namely seaward, middle, landward and riverine zones at each mangrove ecosystem, where dominant mangrove species were identified and selected for regeneration capacity study. Three subplots measuring 1 x 1 m2 were laid within the five 10 x 10 m2 survey plots established per zone. The juveniles were counted and categorized according to their height classes, using linear regeneration sampling method; where: RCI (≤40 cm) considered seedlings; RCII (41-150 cm) as saplings; and RCIII (151-≤300 cm) as small trees. Potential threats both anthropogenic and natural were determined through key informant interviews. Seven dominant species were identified across ecotypes in all mangrove sites, namely Avicennia marina, Avicennia rumphiana, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, and Xylocarpus granatum. RCI (seedlings) is the most abundant across mangrove sites irrespective of the dominant species. Fishpond operation within the mangrove stand is considered a major threat to the juveniles and most mangrove ecosystems. Therefore, protection and constant monitoring of these mangrove ecosystems are necessary to ensure regeneration success in the future.

DOI： 10.13057/biodiv/d210827

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Language：German   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.17433/3.2020.50153783.111-117

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER  

Spatial heterogeneity of landscapes is a key factor for the diversity of biota. There are a rich variety of agricultural landscapes around the globe that differ with respect to composition and spatial configuration of land-use types, reflecting different levels of human impacts. To test whether landscape structure influences biodiversity in similar ways in different geographical regions, our study explored the relationship between landscape characteristics and farmland bird diversity in Germany and Japan. The two countries represent regions with similar Palearctic avifauna, but with contrasting climatic, biogeographical, and socio-economic conditions. We used distribution data for 31 (Germany) and 29 (Japan) species of farmland birds and applied multiple regression analysis to examine the effect of landscape structure on species richness of total farmland birds and of several ecological groups. In both regions, farmland cover was the key variable determining species numbers. Species numbers also increased with increasing proportion of semi-natural habitats up to a maximum and then decreased if semi-natural habitat became more abundant. Optimum landscape structure for each ecological group differed according to their respective habitat needs, but the direction of shifts toward their preferred habitats was similar in both regions, suggesting common ecological mechanisms underlying the patterns of farmland bird diversity. Significant interactions of structural characteristics with the region variable indicated that associations between species richness and landscape structure varied regionally. In Germany, where landscapes are covered by a large extent of farmland, woodland edge density had a pronounced effect on species numbers. By contrast, associations with woodland edges were weak in Japan, where forest is the dominant form of land-use. The differences in landscape associations imply that different conservation strategies should be taken according to the landscape context. In farmland-dominated landscapes, edge habitats provided by forest patches are an important feature for maintaining farmland bird diversity, whereas maintaining open habitats is crucial in forest-dominated landscapes. The importance of maintaining grassland, paddy fields, and semi-natural habitats as part of agricultural landscapes was also underlined by the results of our study. Measures for conserving farmland bird diversity should focus on maintaining heterogeneity of agricultural landscapes. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

DOI： 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00891

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Language：English  

DOI： 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117531

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Language：English  

DOI： 10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.10.049

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Taylor & Francis 10.1080/01448765.2018.1450161  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.09.008  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer 10.1007/s10333-017-0628-5  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer 10.1007/s10333-017-0625-8  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier 10.1016/j.baae.2017.08.007  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：International Biogeography Society 10.21425/F59134700  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：IOPscience  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：International Biogeography Society  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI 10.3390/land5020017  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI 10.3390/land5020009  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG  

Sustainable management of agricultural systems includes promoting nutrient cycles, which can reduce the need for application of fertilizer, As rice is one of the most important food resources in the world, sustainable management of rice paddies is increasingly in demand, However, little is known about the influence of invertebrates on decomposition processes in these ecosystems. We hypothesized that invertebrates contribute significantly to the decomposition of rice straw in paddies and that their relative contribution is affected by the distance to other landscape structures within fields. We placed rice straw in litterbags of two different mesh sizes which prevent (20 mu m x 20 mu m) or allow (5 mm x 5 mm) access of invertebrates in six irrigated rice fields for 84 days. In each field, bags were set on three transects running from the bund to the center of the field. Invertebrates significantly increased total rice straw litter mass loss by up to 45% (total decomposition: fine-meshed bags 64%; coarse-meshed bags 83%), Litter mass loss in bags accessed by invertebrates decreased with increasing distance from the bund. Such a spatial trend in litter mass loss was not observed in bags accessed only by microbes. Our results indicated that invertebrates can contribute to soil fertility in irrigated rice lields by decomposing rice straw, and that the efficiency of decomposition may be promoted by landscape structures around rice fields.

DOI： 10.1016/j.baae.2015.01.006

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG  

DOI： 10.1016/j.baae.2015.10.003

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：American Society of Agronomy  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE  

Decomposers provide an essential ecosystem service that contributes to sustainable production in rice ecosystems by driving the release of nutrients from organic crop residues. During a single rice crop cycle we examined the effects of four different crop residue management practices (rice straw or ash of burned straw scattered on the soil surface or incorporated into the soil) on rice straw decomposition and on the abundance of aquatic and soild-welling invertebrates. Mass loss of rice straw in litterbags of two different mesh sizes that either prevented or allowed access of meso-and macro-invertebrates was used as a proxy for decomposition rates. Invertebrates significantly increased total loss of litter mass by up to 30%. Initially, the contribution of invertebrates to decomposition was significantly smaller in plots with rice straw scattered on the soil surface; however, this effect disappeared later in the season. We found no significant responses in microbial decomposition rates to management practices. The abundance of aquatic fauna was higher in fields with rice straw amendment, whereas the abundance of soil fauna fluctuated considerably. There was a clear separation between the overall invertebrate community structure in response to the ash and straw treatments. However, we found no correlation between litter mass loss and abundances of various lineages of invertebrates. Our results indicate that invertebrates can contribute to soil fertility in irrigated paddy fields by decomposing rice straw, and that their abundance as well as efficiency in decomposition may be promoted by crop residue management practices.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0134402

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Keio Research Institute at SFC (KRIS)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

Soil biodiversity plays a key role in regulating the processes that underpin the delivery of ecosystem goods and services in terrestrial ecosystems. Agricultural intensification is known to change the diversity of individual groups of soil biota, but less is known about how intensification affects biodiversity of the soil food web as a whole, and whether or not these effects may be generalized across regions. We examined biodiversity in soil food webs from grasslands, extensive, and intensive rotations in four agricultural regions across Europe: in Sweden, the UK, the Czech Republic and Greece. Effects of land-use intensity were quantified based on structure and diversity among functional groups in the soil food web, as well as on community-weighted mean body mass of soil fauna. We also elucidate land-use intensity effects on diversity of taxonomic units within taxonomic groups of soil fauna. We found that between regions soil food web diversity measures were variable, but that increasing land-use intensity caused highly consistent responses. In particular, land-use intensification reduced the complexity in the soil food webs, as well as the community-weighted mean body mass of soil fauna. In all regions across Europe, species richness of earthworms, Collembolans, and oribatid mites was negatively affected by increased land-use intensity. The taxonomic distinctness, which is a measure of taxonomic relatedness of species in a community that is independent of species richness, was also reduced by land-use intensification. We conclude that intensive agriculture reduces soil biodiversity, making soil food webs less diverse and composed of smaller bodied organisms. Land-use intensification results in fewer functional groups of soil biota with fewer and taxonomically more closely related species. We discuss how these changes in soil biodiversity due to land-use intensification may threaten the functioning of soil in agricultural production systems.

DOI： 10.1111/gcb.12752

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：RESILIENCE ALLIANCE  

Assessments of ecosystem services (ES), that aim at informing decisions on land management, are increasing in number around the globe. Despite selected success stories, evidence for ES information being used in decision making is weak, partly because ES assessments are found to fall short in targeting information needs by decision makers. To improve their applicability in practice, we compared existing concepts of ES assessments with focus on informing land use decisions and identified opportunities for enhancing the relevance of ES assessments for decision making. In a process of codesign, building on experience of four projects in Brazil, China, Madagascar, and Vietnam, we developed a step-wise approach for better targeting ES assessments toward information needs in land use decisions. Our problem-oriented approach aims at (1) structuring ES information according to land use problems identified by stakeholders, (2) targeting context-specific ES information needs by decision makers, and (3) assessing relevant management options. We demonstrate how our approach contributes to making ES assessments more policy relevant and enhances the application of ES assessments as a tool for decision support.

DOI： 10.5751/ES-07804-200331

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：慶應義塾大学湘南藤沢キャンパス  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Oxford Academic  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Nature Publishing Group  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本造園学会  

CiNii Books

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

Peatlands are major terrestrial stores of carbon (C) of importance to the global climate system. Recent studies have made progress in understanding the climatic controls on the C cycle; however, important interactions between volcanic deposition and peatland C stores remain to be addressed. This study uses a 3000-year peatland record from northern Japan to examine the interactions between carbon accumulation, vegetation community succession and volcanic ash deposition. Plant macrofossil and testate amoebae records are presented alongside records of total organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous. Age-depth models are developed using a Bayesian approach, with seven AMS radiocarbon dates and two identified historical tephras from Baitoushan (AD 969 (981 cal. BP)), and Hokkaido-Komagatake (AD 1640 (310 cal. BP)) volcanoes. Results show that moderate to high tephra loading can shift peatland plant communities from Sphagnum to monocotyledon domination. This vegetation change is associated with increased peat humification and reduced carbon accumulation. Where tephra deposition and reworking has occurred, the apparent rate of carbon accumulation can be halved while high tephra loading of the mire surface is sustained. Sphagnum species vary in their tolerance to tephra deposition. After each ash fall Sphagnum magellanicum disappeared from the plant macrofossil record, whereas Sphagnum papillosum showed apparent continuity of development through the 1856 (94 cal. BP) Ko-c1 tephra. High rates of carbon accumulation (peaking at >100 g m(-2) yr(-1)), 2-3 times faster than the average for northern peatlands, were recorded in the Sphagnum communities that established after the cessation of tephra deposition and reworking from the AD 969 Baitoushan ash fall (B-Tm tephra). This peak in C accumulation was coincident with a radical shift in mire nutrient cycling most probably caused by the interaction of S. magellanicum with leachates from the underlying tephras. The phase of high C accumulation continued for over 300 years, offsetting the initial negative impact of the B-Tm tephra on peatland C accumulation. These results suggest that management for ash-tolerant Sphagnum species could be a highly effective strategy for minimising volcanic disruption to peatland carbon accumulation. The study also shows that consideration of volcanic impacts on peatlands is essential for development of more realistic terrestrial carbon balance models in volcanically active regions. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.01.015

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Deutsche Akademie für Landeskunde e.V.  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

Peat bogs have accumulated more atmospheric carbon (C) than any other terrestrial ecosystem today. Most of this C is associated with peat moss (Sphagnum) litter. Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition can decrease Sphagnum production, compromising the C sequestration capacity of peat bogs. The mechanisms underlying the reduced production are uncertain, necessitating multifactorial experiments.
We investigated whether glasshouse experiments are reliable proxies for field experiments for assessing interactions between N deposition and environment as controls on Sphagnum N concentration and production. We performed a meta-analysis over 115 glasshouse experiments and 107 field experiments.
We found that glasshouse and field experiments gave similar qualitative and quantitative estimates of changes in Sphagnum N concentration in response to N application. However, glasshouse-based estimates of changes in production even qualitative assessments diverged from field experiments owing to a stronger N effect on production response in absence of vascular plants in the glasshouse, and a weaker N effect on production response in presence of vascular plants compared to field experiments.
Thus, although we need glasshouse experiments to study how interacting environmental factors affect the response of Sphagnum to increased N deposition, we need field experiments to properly quantify these effects.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04157.x

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY  

1. In species-habitat models, curves describing the changes in correlation strength between habitat cover and species occurrence over a continuum of spatial scales tend to be hump-shaped, and the correlation maximum is generally assumed to indicate the ecologically most meaningful scale of habitat influence on the species. This approach does not take account of the fact that distant habitat is overrated by increasing area with larger buffer sizes whilst habitat influence decays with distance. We devised four levels of distance weighting, down-weighting more distant habitat with increasing realism.
2. We analysed correlation strength across scale (200 m - 50 km) in simulations assuming a Gaussian distance kernel of habitat influence and in empirical data for Eurasian lynx ( Lynx lynx) covering Central Europe. Regressions were run with the four levels of distance weighting.
3. Both in the simulated data and the empirical data distance weighting transformed humped correlation curves into saturation curves with high correlations at large scales, thereby eliminating a well-defined correlation maximum.
4. Weargue that saturation curves naturally reflect the integration of habitat influence over increasing buffer areas. We conclude that without distance weighting, the correlation strength between habitat cover and species occurrence is prone to misinterpretation. We present two approaches to implementing distance weighting in species-habitat regressions.

DOI： 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00130.x

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Informations- und Koordinationszentrum für Biologische Vielfalt  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

Peatlands in the northern hemisphere have accumulated more atmospheric carbon (C) during the Holocene than any other terrestrial ecosystem, making peatlands long-term C sinks of global importance. Projected increases in nitrogen (N) deposition and temperature make future accumulation rates uncertain.
Here, we assessed the impact of N deposition on peatland C sequestration potential by investigating the effects of experimental N addition on Sphagnum moss. We employed meta-regressions to the results of 107 field experiments, accounting for sampling dependence in the data.
We found that high N loading (comprising N application rate, experiment duration, background N deposition) depressed Sphagnum production relative to untreated controls. The interactive effects of presence of competitive vascular plants and high tissue N concentrations indicated intensified biotic interactions and altered nutrient stochiometry as mechanisms underlying the detrimental N effects. Importantly, a higher summer temperature (mean for July) and increased annual precipitation intensified the negative effects of N. The temperature effect was comparable to an experimental application of almost 4 g N m(-2) yr(-1) for each 1 degrees C increase.
Our results indicate that current rates of N deposition in a warmer environment will strongly inhibit C sequestration by Sphagnum-dominated vegetation.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03680.x

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本生態学会  

Myoginohana Marsh is a lowland reed marsh with high indigenous species richness, including 19 endangered species. However, the area dominated by Ischaemum aristatum var. glaucum, which once occupied most of the area of the marsh, has been declining since the late 1990s. We hypothesized that I. aristatum var. glaucum is an indicator of indigenous species richness in the marsh, due to its tussocks, which provide suitable habitat for other species. The marsh vegetation was classified into three distinct types: type C, where Carex deispalata dominates in the middle layer beneath Phragmites australis, which is dominant in the grass canopy; I^+, where I. aristatum var. glaucum dominates in the middle layer, with a patchy moss-layer on the soil surface; and type I^-, where I. aristatum var. glaucum dominates in the middle layer, without moss. The average species density within a 1-m^2 quadrat was highest in type I^+. A whole-marsh-scale survey revealed that the distribution of four endangered species was significantly associated with type I^+. A microsite-scale survey revealed that species density was significantly higher in tussock microsites than in microsites with tussocks. Type I^+ vegetation was characterized by specific environmental conditions: a lower density of P. australis in the high vegetation layer; greater light availability above the middle and low layers of vegetation; and higher frequency of winter mowing or burning than the other vegetation types. These results suggested the importance of I. aristatum var. glaucum as an indicator of plant species richness in the marsh. The ongoing loss of the area dominated by the species may cause a rapid decline in species richness and local extinctions of some endangered plants.

DOI： 10.18960/hozen.15.2_281

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Other Link： http://www.esj.ne.jp/hozen/contents.htm

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Verband für Geoökologie in Deutschland e.V.  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Bundesamt für Naturschutz  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Association of International Research Initiatives for Environmental Studies  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：国際環境研究協会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：標茶町郷土館  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：森林文化協会  

CiNii Books

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Gesellschaft für Ökologie e.V.  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SAGE  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本熱帯生態学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本生態学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：土木学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：International Peatland Society  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：NRC Research Press  

Mires in coastal lowlands in Hokkaido, northern Japan, have repeatedly been affected by flooding events and tephra (aerially transported volcanic ejecta) deposition during their development. Vegetation, hydrology, and stratigraphy of Kiritappu Mire in eastern Hokkaido were investigated along two transects and are discussed in relation to disturbance by mineral deposition. The vegetation pattern showed little relation to past geologic events. Five plant communities, two of which (A and C) could be further divided into subgroups, were distinguished (A, Alnus japonica - Spiraea salicifolia community
B, Sasa chartacea community
C, Myrica gale var. tomentosa - Sphagnum fuscum community
D, Carex lyngbyei community
E, Carex subspathacea - Aster tripolium community). Water levels, pH, electric conductivity, and ionic composition of groundwater and surface water were measured in communities A-C. Mean water levels were similar in communities A and C
in community B, it was lower. The pH was higher in community A than in communities B and C. Ion concentrations were influenced by sea water at some sites. Plant macrofossils and ash contents of 31 cores were analysed. Sedge roots were the dominant peat component, often mixed with remains of Phragmites australis, Sphagnum spp., and Polytrichum juniperinum var. strictum. Ash contents were high, and up to nine different mineral layers consisting of tephra, sand, silt, and clay were detected. In some cases, mineral deposition induced changes in the macrofossil composition of the peat. However, in a greater number of cases, no changes in the macrofossil composition were found at the mineral layers, and most shifts were not related to mineral deposition.

DOI： 10.1139/cjb-79-3-341

Scopus

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：岩波書店  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：German Institute of Global and Area Studies  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Hessische Gesellschaft für Ornithologie und Naturschutz  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Bundesamt für Naturschutz  

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Responsible for pages：302-306   Language：German   Book type：Scholarly book

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Responsible for pages：95-104   Language：Japanese   Book type：Scholarly book

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